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Davies L. Godseff A. Cotton W. Lavender A. Brooks J. Besant Miss E. Wakefield A. Blackburn S. McLeod Braggins J. Richardson Dr. Turrill F. Preston G. Pring H. Spooner Sir Edward Salisbury H. Thomas T. Maitland T. Sargeant Dr. Hubbard C. Robinson F. Flippance G. Johnson Dr. Nelmes W. LGilmour S. Pearce J.
Conn B. Everett P. Mitchelmore E. Eul T. Brenan P. Groves M. Cherry F. Margaret Stant, except where otherwise noted. JOHN R. Horticulture was very much in the family, with his father at that time Head Gardener at an estate at Corsham, though soon and for all the war years, to be recruited by the Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company to oversee the production of food crops fortheir factory at Swindon. Following the war the family moved to Dorchester, County Town of Dorset and on leaving school at 15 John joined the Weymouth Parks Department obtaining basic training at their nursery at Melcombe Regis.
Frank Goldsack, who trained at Kew and who was for many years County Advisor for Horticulture and Rural Studies for Dorset, noticed John's keeness and interest in horticulture during his latter school years and carried on the contact forged at that time to guide his early career. John gained the course Practical Prize together with the R.
General and N. Having so much enjoyed Cannington and wishing to broaden the training base, Kew was approached though initially with little success.
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However, eventually persistence paid off and with a little help from Frank Goldsack a place on Kew's Improver Scheme was gained with agreement to commence in Sydney Pearce's Botanies now North Arboretum on Monday 1st December January saw a move from Tropical to the Decorative Section where the Queens Garden planting and final development required supervision in preparation for its official opening on 2nd May that year.
Having acquired an interest in ferns — from working in the Fernery as an Improver — a request was made to move across to take over the formanship there on Bert Bruty's retirement in The following decade saw great change in the presentation of Kew's tropical collections, not least with the ferns where Houses Two and Three Tropical and Temperate Ferns underwent complete interior landscaping, a procedure which proved very successful from a cultivation standpoint and which greatly popularised these previously little visited conservatories.
For developmental work with the Kew fern collection, together with work for the Kew Guild coupled with plant collecting and advisory activity, John was awarded the Kew Medal in — one of the initial five recipients. On the resignation of the Assistant Curator Tropical in June , John was asked to take over the reins initially in a temporary capacity—the appointment being confirmed in March Major planning work was in hand and ongoing for the future Princess of Wales Conservatory, a project which was to make singular demands on Kew's resources and on the Tropical Section in particular.
Team effort and personal identification with the project by section staff and those Diploma Course students who participated with the landscaping and planting was very much encouraged. The celebrations throughout the day on 28th July , when the Conservatory was officially opened by Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales, marked a particular milestone in John's association with the Royal Botanic Gardens.
John has always shown interest in Guild affairs covering the Annual Dinner and A. John's wife Joan, who he married in , works at the International Mycological Institute now based at Egham. Hemsley died 7th October in office. Nicholson having been President from , died 20th September in office. Bean having been Treasurer since W. Hutchinson J. Snowden C. Coates E. Thomas E. Brown C. Jones A. Melles V. Summerhayes F. LSquibbs F. Ballard W. Coward H. Butcher S. Rawlings G. Brown D. Wells A. Check P. Green B. Humphrey L. Pemberton B. The suggestion being favourably received, it was resolved "to form a Guild to keep in touch with each other, to compare the Kew of the present with the Kew of the past, and thus increase the interest of all Kewites in each other and in Kew".
The Director, Sir William Thiselton-Dyer, warmly welcomed this initiative which he thought would promote fellowship and solidarity among the staff. As you know we do not 'coddle'. We treat our young men as 'men' and expect them to work out their own salvation. We wish them to be manly, self-respecting and strenuous.
He was also convinced that former employees would appreciate this link with Kew. The role of the Journal was to provide current appointments of past Kewites, accounts of their activities, a selection of essays read at the Mutual Improvement Society, a regular feature of notes and correspondence, and from the portrait of a distinguished Kewite to serve as a frontispiece. This editorial formula was established with the first issue with 11 of its 57 pages devoted to a list of present and former members of staff; the Mutual's prize essays by W.
Dallimore and G. Krumbiegel; reminiscences of early days at Kew by W. Vincent and Trinidad. The response was most encouraging to the sextet that formed the first steering committee: support came from Kewites employed at home and abroad or in retirement like J. If the Almighty. The President was pleased to report to the General meeting in February that the Guild was "knitting together into one brotherhood the whole of the Gardeners who had been or were still at Kew".
The Kew Guild had been originally conceived with the interests of the gardening staff in mind and that aim persisted for some years although the membership was gradually being extended to other departments at Kew. The title page of the Journal itself proclaimed that it was "an association of Kew Gardeners, past and present" and it was not until that 'etc' was added to this phrase to indicate its extension to all staff, the.
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Within a few years its membership embraced the globe. Annual General Meetings were inevitably formal occasions and so a proposal in to hold an annual dinner and social was enthusiastically welcomed. On 22nd May that year one hundred Kewites dined at the Holborn Restaurant which was decorated with flowers donated by some of the leading nurseries. The Chairman, Sir William Thiselton-Dyer, proposed the toast to the Queen and subsequent toasts and responses were punctuated by solo renditions of "The Bandolero", "Queen of the Earth", "Three Chafers", "Who carried the gun" and other popular ballads.
At these early dinners it was the Director who took the Chair but Sir William declined to attend in in order to register his displeasure that the Guild was involving itself in "horticultural politics". At this dinner William Watson as President of the Guild urged that its influence should be "exerted on behalf of the less fortunate of professional gardeners, and in such a manner that their legitimate grievances might be remedied".
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He wanted the Guild to support the formation of an Association of Professional Gardeners. Sir William challenged this appeal believing it to be "little short of absurd for those who have been connected with one establishment to arrogate to themselves the task of taking charge of the interests of the gardening profession at large. I do not think it would be possible to bring the scattered units of the gardening profession. If it were, I think anyone would be shy of engaging a gardener who had at his back an organisation proposing to interfere between employer and employee".
Sir William, now retired, most certainly would have disapproved of the article reporting the agitation regarding the low wages paid to Kew gardeners which appeared in the issue of the Journal.
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At the Annual General Meeting it was resolved that "the Journal should be open to communications from members respecting their conditions of employment both at home and abroad, provided they are considered suitable for its pages by the Committee. Also that the Guild should more actively associate itself with movements which have for their object the general advancement of members".
This evidently displeased the Secretary, Treasurer and four members of the Committee who resigned, convinced that other means were already available to members for dealing with the status of gardeners.
Fortunately, the opposition which called itself 'The Forward Movement', perceiving that using the Guild as a trades union might threaten its legitimate role, wisely desisted. Lack of funds presumably prevented the publication of the Journal in and necessitated the amalgamation of the issues for and into one number. The annual dinner lapsed for two years because, as the Journal cryptically reported, "it had been banned by the higher and lower staffs at Kew". At this function it was revealed that the number of former Kew members now exceeded that of serving staff and that nearly half of them resided in the colonies.
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The first Guild branch had been formed in Birmingham in and the first overseas branch was launched in North America in , followed by Uganda in The War had a devastating effect on membership; a memorial plaque which was installed in the Temple of Arethusa in commemorated the deaths of 37 Kewites; 14 more names were added after the conflict. Women gardeners who replaced the men at Kew from were allowed Guild membership after three months' service. By there were 31 women on the strength, including four sub-forewomen, carrying out a whole range of duties including the fumigation of glasshouses, done in those days with "tobacco paper and shreds".
The Decorative Department, supervised by the Assistant Curator, John Coutts, was known as 'Coutts's harem' since it was staffed almost entirely by women. After the Second World War, women were accepted for the first time as student gardeners. Eligibility for membership of the Guild was a matter of some dispute. Some of the original members had believed it should be confined strictly to gardeners; labourers and certain other categories were excluded to prevent such membership being used as a qualification for other posts.
It now extends to liaison botanists and students from overseas attached to Kew for a minimum period of one year. Since the independence of former colonies overseas membership has inevitably declined except in Europe. The Journal published its first coloured plate in with a reproduction of the new Arms of the Guild granted by the College of Arms. During the same year the Guild sought charity status in order to gain exemption from income tax.
The first application was rejected but, on appeal, was accepted and the Guild was registered as an official charity in Part of the financial resources of the Guild has always been deployed in creating prizes and awards, and in its early days in alleviating individual cases of hardship.
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An appeal for funds to establish an Award Scheme for botanical and horticultural travel and other projects was initiated in With its assistance, a number of fortunate Kewites have been able to further their studies by visits abroad. The Guild has always vigorously promoted the advancement of educational facilities at Kew, and the story of the progress made towards this objective is told elsewhere in this centenary number.
Startling events like an aircraft crashing in the Gardens or suffragettes burning down the tea room have been duly reported by grateful editors. Botting Hemsley who entered Kew as a young gardener of 17 in , eventually becoming Keeper of the Herbarium, was the first of many who recollected their early days at Kew. He was "much struck by the leisurely, I might almost say dignified, movements of the workmen, many of whom were old men, some very old men. Nobody was in a hurry, and this seems to be in keeping with the traditions of the place.
Gardeners were kept busy creating avenues and vistas, straightening paths and felling trees. Untidiness invariably invoked his wrath. He carried out regular inspections of green houses, messrooms and stables and, according to Dallimore, "often took his friends round the tool sheds on Sunday and there was trouble on Monday mornings should anything be found dirty or in the wrong place".
When Sir William was asked about the possibility of a gardening post at Kew for a former cleric who had failed in a number of enterprises, his reply was typically forthright: "If I had acceded to all the applications made to me, Kew would now be something between a home for incurables and a reformatory. As it is, it is a place of strenuous work where no man who cannot do a competent day's labour has a chance.
Thomson contributed an account of his gardening apprenticeship.
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He was 14 when he came to Kew from Shrewsbury in seeking employment. Aiton, the Director, sent him to the Royal Lodge at Windsor, transferring him to Kew the following year. One of his tasks was protecting the cherished South American Monkey Puzzle tree Araucaria araucana with matting during the winter since its hardiness had not then yet been established.
He recalled that dismissal faced any gardener who accepted a tip from the public. In those days promotion was usually found in the employ of the landed gentry. Although that avenue remained open until Edwardian times, more gardeners saw their future in public parks or in positions overseas. There were, for instance, about 50 Kew-trained gardeners in working in India in botanical gardens, the gardens of agri-horticultural societies, public parks, princely estates or on tea and cinchona plantations. He urged those considering applying for posts there to "see that your teeth are in a good state.
Unless you have sound teeth you will not be able to masticate your food thoroughly; indigestion will follow, your health will go down, and you will be more liable to any infection that may be about". But as many Kewites who went to the tropics discovered, dental hygiene was no protection against malaria, dysentery, blackwater fever and other tropical diseases.